Survey , Static , Dynamic and Interior Routing Protocols

Routing Protocols

• Routing protocols are essential for ensuring efficient and reliable communication in IoT networks.
• These protocols define the rules and processes for how data is transmitted from one device to another across the network.
• Given the diverse and resource-constrained nature of IoT devices and applications,
• specialized routing protocols are developed to meet specific requirements such as energy efficiency, scalability and low latency.

Survey Routing Protocols

• Survey routing protocols refer to the comprehensive study and categorization of various routing protocols designed for IoT networks.
• This involves analyzing different protocols based on their characteristics and suitability for specific IoT applications.
• The aim is to provide a detailed overview and comparison of existing routing protocols to help researchers,
• developers and practitioners choose the most appropriate protocol for their IoT deployments.

Static Routing Protocols

• Static routing involves manually configuring routes in network devices, such as routers or switches.
• static routing involves manually configuring routes, offering simplicity but limited adaptability.
• Dynamic routing protocols, on the other hand, enable automatic route
• discovery and adjustment to network changes, providing scalability and optimized routing in complex environments.
• The choice between static and dynamic routing depends on the network's size, complexity, and the level of adaptability and automation required.

Dynamic Routing Protocols

• Dynamic routing protocols are algorithms used by routers and switches to
• dynamically exchange routing information and automatically adjust to changes in network topology.
• dynamic routing protocols enable routers to discover network paths, determine the best routes, and adapt to network changes without manual intervention.
• Dynamic routing protocols play a crucial role in modern computer networks by providing automatic route discovery, adaptability and resilience.
• They enable routers to dynamically exchange routing information, calculate optimal routes, and adapt to changes in network conditions,

Interior Gateway Routing Protocols

• Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) are a category of dynamic routing protocols used within
• single autonomous system (AS), such as an organization's internal network.
• Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs) are a vital component of dynamic routing protocols,
• enabling routers within the same autonomous system to exchange routing information and dynamically update their routing tables.
• IGPs play a critical role in optimizing routing decisions, discovering network
• topology, and ensuring efficient communication within the boundaries of a single administrative domain.

Distance Vector Routing

• A distance-vector routing protocol is a type of dynamic routing protocol used by routers to exchange routing information within a network.
• It operates based on the principle of "distance" and "vectors" to determine the best path to reach destination networks.

Characteristics of Distance Vector Routing Protocols

• Routing Table Exchange: Routers using distance-vector protocols exchange routing information with neighboring routers.
• Each router maintains a routing table containing information about known destinations and their associated distances.
• Periodic Updates: Routers periodically broadcast routing updates to
• neighboring routers to inform them of any changes in network topology or routing information.
• These updates include the router's known destinations and their associated distances.
• Split Horizon and Poison Reverse: Distance-vector protocols implement mechanisms like split horizon and poison reverse to prevent routing loops and ensure loop-free routing.

Examples of Distance Vector Routing Protocols

Link State Routing Protocols

• Link-state routing protocols are a type of dynamic routing protocol used in computer networks to determine the best paths to reach destination networks.
• link-state routing protocols are dynamic routing protocols that use detailed
• knowledge of the network's topology to calculate the best paths to destination networks.
• link-state protocols are well-suited for large and complex networks where efficient routing and fast convergence are critical.:

Examples of Link-State Routing Protocols

• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF): A widely used link-state routing protocol in IP networks.
• Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS): Another link-state routing protocol commonly used in large networks,

Exterior Gateway Routing Protocols

• Exterior Gateway Protocols (EGPs) are a category of dynamic routing
• protocols used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (ASes) on the Internet or large-scale networks.
• Unlike Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), which manage routing within a
• single AS, EGPs facilitate routing between ASes and are responsible for inter-domain routing.
• BGP (Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the primary EGP used for this purpose,
• providing scalability, flexibility and robustness in facilitating global connectivity.

Path Vector Routing Protocol

• Path vector routing protocols are key components of inter-domain routing on the Internet, with BGP being the most prominent example.
• These protocols provide policy-based routing and flexible route selection capabilities,
• but they also come with challenges such as complexity, slow convergence, and resource consumption.
• Path vector routing protocols are a type of exterior gateway routing protocol used for inter-domain routing.

Conclusion